Nicholas Sims-Williams, Bactrian Legal Documents from 7th- and 8th-Century Guzgan
Most of the numerous Bactrian documents which have appeared on the international
art market during the last few years seem to derive from the kingdom of Rob,
modern Rui in the northern Hindukush. The eight documents edited and translated
here clearly come from a different area, the region known to the Persians
as Guzgan and to the Arabs as Juzjan; they mention several places within
this kingdom, including Kalif or Kelif on the Oxus, and Amber, modern Sar-i
Pul, and bear dates which probably correspond to the years ad 648 to 732 A.D.